Developing Online Conversations
By: Steven Dick, Ph.D.
Department of Radio-TV
Southern Illinois University Carbondale

Online Conversations
Two Types
Live Teleconference
Such as those at some of these presentations.
Teleconferences require different set of techniques.
Asynchronous Conversations.
Users send and receive messages without necessarily being present at the same time.
The subject of this presentation

Asynchronous Choices
Email Based Systems
Includes ListServes and some Newsgroups.
All participants are sent all messages
Depends on Email systems
Very common
Low fear systems
All users get all messages
Can lead to flooding
Forces mention

Asynchronous Choices
Server Based Systems
All users go to the same virtual space.
Includes most web based systems.
Slightly more intimidating
More Versatile
Allows for subgroups
Better tracking.

Poll:
Have you ever made online discussion groups  available to your students?
Yes
No

Poll
How have you used online Conversation?
Check all that apply
In support of a online class
In support of a live class
It was just attached to an online service
d.   Other

Uses - Online Classes
Provide classroom discussion missing online.
Provide a sense of collegiality.
Give opportunity for critical thinking/ discussion.

Uses - Live classes
Continue class discussions
Allow special topic discussions
Explore critical points
Group work
Allow quiet people a chance to make a point.
Cover missed on distant days.

Poll:
How effective have you found online and why? Or how effective do you believe?
Open ended response.

Online Discussions Success
Discussion group are a commonly included feature.
Very popular in online companies
More popular among young.

Online Discussion Fail
   Time Pressures
+ Lack of motivation
= No activity
Tech Fear
Will others do it?
Same problem in industry.
Failure breeds failure

Poll
How do you motivate student’s to participate online?
Open ended question

How to start?
Technology is fairly easy.
Management is hard.
Online discussions start with an adoption decision.
Starting and maintaining discussions

Adoption Decision
The student must make the commitment to participate and continue to participate.
Three foundations
Social Presence
Diffusion of Innovations
Collective Action

Social Presence
The feeling that another person is there.
Peer-pressure
Difficult to manufacture online
No one wants to talk in an empty room.
Introductory assignments

Diffusion of Innovations
The process of adopting an innovative behavior
Rogers, 1962
Key concepts
Critical Mass
Product Attributes
Compatibility
Complexity

Collective Action
People coming together for a collective good.
Olsen, 1965
People wait for others.
Too much or too little participation affects.
Orchestrating the conversation.

Effects of Foundation
You must make people believe that others are going to participate.
Participation must be integrated into class.
Participation must be manageable for students.
Instructors should orchestrate but not heavily participate.

The Assignment
Must use some force if you use at all.
A significant part of grade.
A mix of quantitative and qualitative measures
A definite first assignment
Less definite continuing assignments.

System specific
Should Student read ALL the messages.
How many subgroups?
News reports? NO!
Replies more important than new messages.
Track and encourage students
Too low, too high, off topic.

Instructor’s roll
Avoid interfering.
Watch for offensive students.
Bring discussion back into class.
Encourage subgroups if acceptable
Moderate
6 users
30 messages a week.

Consider The Alias
Instructors stop conversation.
Students assume instructor gives answer.
An alias can say things and others will still question.

Open Poll
Questions and comments?
Open ended questions.

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